Text / UMPTN 2000 Rayon A
There arc three separate sources of hazard in (he process
of supplying energy by nuclear power. The radioactive material must travel from
its place of manufacture to the power station. Although the power stations
themselves are solidly built, the containers used for the transport of the
material are not. There are normally only two meth- . ods of transport
available, namely road or rail. Unfortunately. both of these involve close
contact with the general public, since the routes are sure to pass near, or
even through, heavily populated areas.
Next, there is the
problem of waste. All nuclear power stations produce wastes that in most cases
will remain radioactive for thousands of year. It is impossible to make these
wastes nonradioactive, and so they must be stored in one of the inconvenient
ways that scientists have invented. For example they may be buried under the
ground, or dropped into abandoned mines, or sunk in the sea. However, these
methods do not solve the problem, since an earthquake could easily crack the
containers open.
Finally, there is the
problem of accidental exposure due to a leak or an explosion at the power
station. As with other two hazards, this is not very likely, so it does not
provide a serious objection to the nuclear program. Nevertheless, it can
happen.
Separately, these there types of risks are not a great cause
for concern. On the whole though, the probability of disaster is still high.
1. UMPTN 2000 Rayon A No. 66
The whole Text tells us about___
A. the danger of transforming radioactive
materials
B. the way to make
radioactive wastes not dangerous for people
C. the potential
dangers in supplying energy by nuclear power
D. the accidents caused by nuclear power stations
E. people’s objections to the establishment of
nuclear stations
2. UMPTN 2000 Rayon A No. 67
What makes the
transport of radioactive materials
dangerous for people's lives?
A. The road
B. The containers
C. The rail
D. The power station
E. The heavily populated areas
3. UMPTN 2000 Rayon A No. 68
Which
of the following statements is TRUE about radioactive wastes?
A. There will be no more danger when radioactive
wastes are buried underground
w
B. There is no chance of saving people’s lives
from radioactive wastes
C. Radioactive wastes become nonradioactive when
they are sunk in the sea
D. Only earthquakes can change radioactive wastes
into nonradioactive wastes
E. Natural
disaster may cause very serious leaks in buried containers of radioactive
wastes
4. UMPTN 2000 Rayon A No. 69
In spite of the problems
which are likely to occur in supplying energy by nuclear power, the writer
thinks that .
A. people
will strongly object to it
B. the
probability of disaster is high
C. hazards
should be rigidly controlled
D. it's
worth conducting nuclear programs
E. there is a great cause for concern
5. UMPTN 2000 Rayon A No. 70
We may conclude from the third paragraph that the problem
of accidental exposure is caused _________________________________ .
A. human
error
B. an
earthquake
C. radioactive
wastes
D. hazards
E. bad design of the nuclear statK-r
Text / UMPTN 2000 Ray on B
Several theories have
been proposed about why the dinosaurs disappeared from the face of the earth.
In recent years one popular theory proposes that climatic changes caused the
dinosaurs to become extinct. This climatic change theory says that millions
of years ago the climate of the world gradually became colder. As the earth
slowly become colder, fewer plants were able to grow. The cold weather finalK
resulted in a severe shortage of food for dinosaurs. As you probably know, most
of dinosaurs were vegetarians, and they depended on plants for their food
supply. In summary, then, the disappearance of the dinosaurs was cased directly
by a shortage of plants to eat, and indirectly by a change in climate.
Today there is new evidence for the theory that the
dinosaurs did not disappear gradually, but they disappeared
quickly and suddenly.
This theory is known as asteroid theory It states that a huge asteroid, or
perhaps a comet, hit the earth about 65 million years ago. When this comet or
asteroid hit the earth, it caused a huge dust cloud. The huge dust cloud
covered the whole earth and blocked out the sun for months. Since there is no
sun for many, many months, most of the plants on earth died. The dinosaur's
food supply was destroyed in a period of months.
While this asteroid
theory is not new, what is new is the evidence for the theory. Until recently
there was no evidence that an asteroid or a comet had hit the earth 65 million
years ago. What happened recently was that scientists found large amount of a
rare earth element called iridium all over the world. This iridium was found in
layers of the earth that are 65 years old. The indium was found in the same
layers where the bones of the last dinosaurs were found.
The comet or asteroid theory
explains two things:
(1) It explains the larger amounts of the rare element iridium found
in the 65-million-year-old layers of earth, and
(2) it explains why
the dinosaurs disappeared from the earth
Today scientists continue to
debate two theories: the
climatic change theory and
the asteroid theory. In the
futuTc evidence may be found
that supports a totally new
theorv of whv the terrible lizards died out.
6 ( MPT\ 2000 Rayon 8 No. 66
information of the text is about_______ .
A the climatic change theory
B the
era of dinovairs 65 milium years ago
C the asteroid theory
D. different
theories on the extinction of dinosaurs
E. the iridium element theory
7 UMPTN 2000 Rayon B No.
67
Which of the following statements is
TRUE about the climatic theory?
A. Scientists believe that the climatic change
happened 65 million years ago.
B The change in climate
critically reduced the food for dinosaurs.
C. at the lime the dinosaurs, all animals were vegetarians
D. The disappearance of dinosaurs affected the climatic change
E. The weather made animals living at that time unable to survive.
8. UMPTN 2000 Rayon B No. 68
Which of the following statements is
TRUE about iridium element'7
A. It
is believed that it originated in space.
B. it
is an element found in the bones of dinosaurs,
C. It
came after the comet hit the earth.
D. It
existed only 65 million years ago.
E. It
is an element commonly found on earth.
9. UMPTN 2000 Rayon B No. 69
The asteroid theory stales that_____ .
A. the dust cloud
originating from the fallen comet killed all organisms on earth
B. the effect of an
asteroid hitting the earth developed gradually
C. the spread of the
dust cloud on earth darkened the earth for years
D. the
dinosaurs were killed by asteroid hitting the earth 65 years ago
E, most vegetation died
because of the dust cloud covering the whole earth.
10. UMPTN 2000 Rayon B No. 70
From the text we may conclude that______ .
A. modem scientists believe in the asteroid
theory
B. the new evidence
for the new theory has recently been found
C. there is no agreement
among scientists about the two theories
D. scientists have accepted the truth of both
theories
E. both theories have been combined to become
scientifically acceptable
Text 1 UMPTN 2000 Rayon C
Health officials who made checks at cemeteries discovered
that cemeteries had become one of the main causes for the spread of dengue in
urban areas. They were shocked to find out a lot of aedes mosquitoes breeding
in cemeteries. The aedes mosquito spreads Dengue Haermorrhagic Fever. DHF. to
man.
The officials found a lot of pots, bottles and vases
holding flowers at the graves left there by people visiting the graves of their
relatives. These containers had eventually accumulated rain water and they soon
became breeding grounds for these mosquitoes. Those living near cemeteries also
became victims of densue fever. Sadlv il was the death of a caretaker of a
cemetery that promoted the officials to investigate the surroundings near his
house. This had led to the discovery of cemeteries as a breeding ground for
aedes mosquitoes.
Since this discovery, the Health Department has appealed to
the caretakers and the different associations in charge of graveyards to clear
all containers left at graves as quickly as possible. The number of dengue
cases notified was highest among the Chinese, followed by the Malays, Indians,
and others. All these cases had been mainly from the city areas. The Health
Department is continually strengthening dengue prevention and control by
holding talks, shows, fogging housing estates and conducting checks at homes.
11. UMPTN 2000 Rayon C No. 66 The main information of the text is
A. the causes of DHF in urban areas
B. the instructions of health officials
C. cemeteries as the source of aedes mosquitoes
D. the victims of DHF in Asian countries '
E. prevention and
control of DHF
12. UMPTN 2000 Rayon C No. 67
Health officers felt the need to investigate cemeteries as
a potential source of DHF because______________________________
A. cemeteries are commonly known as the breeding
.places of aedes mosquitoes
B. many people
visiting cemeteries became victims of DHF
C. it is believed
that visitors to cemeteries were carriers of DHF
D. a person working
for one of the cemeteries died of DHF
E. rains brought aedes mosquitoes to breed in
cemeteries
13. UMPTN 2000 Ravon C No.
68
According to the
text, all of the following sentences about DHF prevention and control are true,
except
A. ordering people to
throw away all containers they have in their homes
B. informing
the general public about DHF
C. fogging
the houses in every neighborhood
D. eliminating possible breeding grounds of
mosquitoes at graveyards
E. giving talks to people in charge of
graveyards
14. UMPTN 2000 Rayon C No. 69
To prevent aedes mosquitoes from breeding in cemeteries,
the government does NOT allow___________________________________ .
A. Chinese,
Malays and Indians to go to cemeteries
B. People
to bring flowers to cemeteries
C. Talks
about DHF to be conducted at cemeteries
D. Any
container that holds water to be left at the graves
E. Health
officials to keep a check on cemetery visitors
15. 'Fogging housing estates' in
line 12 means_____ .
A. creating a dust cloud in the housing area
B. blowing disinfectants around the house
C. pumping smoke to the neighborhood
D. cleaning the houses of DHF victims
E. spraying housing
areas with a special pesticide
Kunci Jawaban Bahasa Inggris 2 Reading text UMPTN (part 1)
1. Paparan wacana dengan jelas mengetengahkan tiga
permasalahan malapetaka yang mungkin timbul dari proses pensupiaian energi oleh
pembangkit tenaga nuklir, seperti lintasan yang dilalui pada paragraf I, limbah
pada paragraf 2. dan kebocoran pada paragraf 3.
Jawaban:C
2. Yang menjadikan pengiriman radioaktif berbahaya bagi kehidupan
orang, seperti dinyatakan kalimat ketiga paragraf 1 ‘although the power stations themselves are solidly built,
the the containers used for the transport of the material are not’ (walaupun pembangkitnya itu sendiri dibangun secara
kokoh namun wadah untuk menghatarkatf bahan tersebut tidak), adalah wadah untuk
penghantarannya.
Jawaban : B
3. Pilihan (E) 'bahwa bencana alam dapat mengakibatkan kebocoran
sangat serius pada wadah limbah radioaktif yang dikubur1 selaras
dengan pennataan kalimat terakhir paragraf 2 since
an earthquake could easily crack the containers open'.
Jawaban:E
4. Dari pernyataan kalimat terakhir
paragraf 3 dan penegasan paragraf4 dapat diinferensi bahwa penulis berpendapat walupun
kemungkinan banyak masalah yang timbul, program nuklir tidak ada salahnya
dilakukan (it's worth conducting nuclear
programs) karena menurut hematnya tidak
cukup alasan untuk menentangnya (so it does
not provide a serious objection to nuclear program, paragraf 3) selain itu masalah yang digambarkan paragraf 1,2, dan 3 bukan pemicu
keprihatinan (these three types of risks arc
~iot a great cause of concern, paragraf 4).
Jawaban : D
5 Jawaban:A
6. Secara
keseluruhan wacana bertajuk teori-teori yang ada tentang musnahnya dinosaurus,
seperti teori iklim pada paragraf i dan teori asteroid pada paragraf 2-5.
Jawaban : D
7. Pilihan (B) perubahan dalam ikilim secara kritis mengurangi suplai makanan dinosaurus'
selaras dengan pernyataan kalimat kelima paragraf rijie cold weather finally resulted in a severe shortage of food
for dinosaurs (cuaca yang mendingin akhirnya berakibat
pada berkurangnya makanan bagi dinosaurus).
Jawaban
: B
8. Kalimat
pertama dan kedua paragraf 4 menyatakan The
element iridium is very uncommon, infact, rare on the earth. It is an
element, however that is more often found in space.' (keberadaan indium di bumi amat langka, tetapi elemen ini lebih sering ditemukan di ruang angkasa). Oleh karena
itu, keberadaannya di bumi dapat diduga berasal dari ruang angkasa.
Jawaban : A
9. Seperti dinyatakan kalimat ketiga hingga terakhir paragraf 2 'It states that huge asteroid, or perhaps a comet, hit the
earth about 65 million years ago ... it caused huge dust claud ... the
dinosaurs’ food sup: ply was destroyed...* bahwa teori asteroid mengemukakan punahnya dinosaurus karena aster- oid/komet jatuh ke bumi dan
menimbulkan debu amat tebal yang menutupi bumi sehingga tanaman sumber makanan
dinosaurus mati.
Jawaban : D
10. Dari kalimat
pertama paragraf terakhir 'Today scientists
continue to debate two theories: climatic change theory and the asteroid
theory’ dapat disimpulkan bahwa karena
hingga kini para ilmuwan masih memperdebatkan teori iklim dan asteroid beam dikalangan ilmuwan belum
terdapat kesepahaman akan kedua teori tersebut (there
is no agreement among scientists about the two theories).
Jawaban : C
11. Wacana berpusat pada temuan bahwa pekuburan merupakan
sarang berkembang biaknya nyamuk nyamuk demam berdarah dengan pengungkapan
fakta pada paragraf 1, paparan fenomena pada paragraf 2 dan respon langkah
penaggulangan pada paragraf 3.
Jawaban : C
12. Seperti dinyatakan kalimat keempat dan kelima paragraf 2 'sadly it was the death of a caretaker of a cemetary that
promoted to investigate the surounding of his house. This led to the discovery
of cemetaries as breeding ground for aedes mosquitoes* kematian penjaga kuburan-lah yang
mendorong para petugas untuk meneliti lingkungan rumahnya dan menemukan bahwa kuburan
merupakan tempat berkembang biak nyamuk demam berdarah.
Jawaban : D
13. Pilihan (A) berkontradiksi dengan
kalimat pertama paragraf 3 bahwajustru wadah-wadah yang tertinggal dikuburan
harus segera dibereskan bukan malahan membuang wadah ke sana. Sementara pilihan
lainnya merupakan langkah pencegahan dan penanggulangan seperti diulas paragraf
3.
Jawaban : A
14. Seperti dinyatakan kalimat pertama paragraf 3 'to clear all containers left at graveyard as quickly as
possible' wadah-wadah yang mungkin dapat menggenangkan air segera dienyahkan (tidak boleh
dibiarkan) dari pekuburan
Jawaban : D
15. Togging housing estate’ (mengasapi komplek perumahan) maksudnya adalah memberikan
semprotan komplek perumahan dengan menggunakan zat kimia;' pestisida tertentu (spraying housing areas with special pesticides), biasanya dalam benruk asap.
Jawaban : E
